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Homa Bay on High Alert Following Cholera Outbreak in Neighbouring Migori CountyBy Habil Onyango

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By Habil Onyango

Homa Bay County is on high alert following a cholera outbreak in the neighbouring Migori County after several cases and one casualty were reported.

Five cases of cholera and one casualty were reported in Kuria East Sub-County, Migori, since the outbreak of the disease.

According to Homa Bay Chief Officer for Health, Dr Kevi Osuri, no case of infection has, however, been reported in any part of the county.

“Following the outbreak of cholera in our neighbouring county, Migori, we have put in place adequate measures to ensure that our people remain safe,” said Osuri.

“We have initiated a major clean-up exercise in our towns, especially by clearing the sewerage system as one of the factors to avoid any infection,” said Osuri.

Osuri also revealed that the county government has ensured that locals get an adequate supply of clean water as one of the ways to combat infection.

“We have so far not recorded any case in our county, and I want to tell our people, especially those from the areas bordering Migori County, to remain vigilant and alert to prevent the infection from spreading into our county,” said Osuri.

Dr Osuri warned that cholera can quickly become fatal, and in the most severe cases, the rapid loss of large amounts of fluids and electrolytes can lead to death within hours.

“In less extreme situations, people who do not receive treatment can die of dehydration and shock within hours to days after cholera symptoms first appear,” he added.

The officer, however, advised county residents to report to the nearest health facility if they experience the sudden onset of diarrhoea and vomiting.

He urged the people of Homa Bay to maintain high standards of hygiene by washing their hands with soap before handling any food and after visiting toilets.

“Cholera is a bacterial disease that usually spreads through contaminated water. It causes severe diarrhoea and dehydration, and if left untreated, cholera can be fatal within hours, even in previously healthy people. Our people must be very cautious to avoid infection,” said the medic.

“I want to encourage our people to continue practising good hygiene to prevent communicable diseases and to report any suspected case of cholera to the nearest health facility as soon as possible for immediate examination,” said Dr Osuri.

Dr Osuri also advised locals to ensure that drinking water is safe by boiling or chlorinating it.

He emphasised that families, as well as those operating food kiosks and hotels, must ensure that the food they prepare and serve customers is cooked thoroughly and served while still hot to avoid infection.

“We must also ensure that food is well covered to keep away cockroaches, flies, and dust and that human waste is disposed of in latrines,” said Dr Osuri.

“We must also maintain the habit of eating in a clean environment and using clean containers. Additionally, people should avoid illicit drinks that might be brewed with contaminated water,” added the Chief Officer.

All three sub-counties in Migori (Kuria East, Kuria West, and Suna West), which have reported suspected cases of cholera, border the eastern part of Tanzania, which has been reporting cholera cases in 23 regions since 1st January 2024.

How Ethnicity Thrives in the County Assemblies

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By Habil Onyango

According to the provisions of Section 7(1) and (2) of the National Cohesion and Integration Act 2008, all establishments are required to seek to represent the diversity of the people of Kenya in the employment of staff.

It further stipulates that no public establishment shall have more than one-third of its staff from the same ethnic community.

Furthermore, Section 13 of the Persons with Disabilities Act 2003 states that the Council shall endeavour to secure the reservation of 5 per cent of all casual, emergency, and contractual positions in employment in the public and private sectors for persons with disabilities.

However, this might not be the case in 42 County Assemblies, where the majority of employees come from dominant communities, and some have even failed to include persons with disabilities (PLWD) in their management.

According to the Audit Report 2023/2024, only six County Assemblies met the constitutional threshold regarding the employment of staff.

The report states that a review of human resource records revealed that the County Assembly of Mombasa had a staff establishment of 137, out of which 66 staff members, representing 48 per cent, were from the dominant community in the county.

Furthermore, 76 staff members, representing 62 per cent of the total casual employees at the County Assembly, were from the dominant community.

In Kwale, out of the 72 County Assembly employees, 65—translating to 90.3 per cent—were from the dominant community.

“Under contractual temporary employees, the dominant community constituted 83 per cent,” reads the report.

In Kilifi County, the staff establishment shows that the County Assembly had 125 staff, including three PLWD, while 114, representing 91 per cent of the total employees, came from the dominant community.

The report further revealed that Lamu County Assembly had a workforce of 105 staff, of whom 82 individuals—representing 78 per cent of the total employees—hailed from one ethnic community.

Garissa County Assembly had 111 employees, exceeding the approved limit of 100 allowed by the Revenue Allocation Commission, resulting in excess employment of 11 staff members.

In Wajir County Assembly, the examination of the Assembly payroll for June 2024 indicates that it had a total of 169 employees. However, an analysis of employee data revealed that 99 per cent of them were from the dominant ethnic community, with only 1 per cent drawn from other ethnic communities.

Mandera County had 53 per cent of its 97 staff members drawn from one ethnic community, while Isiolo had 124, representing 62 per cent of its 200 staff, from one ethnic community.

Embu County recorded 150 employees—approximately 96 per cent of the total workforce—being from one dominant tribe, while in Tharaka Nithi, 23 staff members, translating to 79 per cent of the total 29 management-level staff (Job Group N-T), were from a dominant ethnic group.

Embu had 108 (49 per cent) out of 221, Kitui 133 (96 per cent) out of 138, and Machakos had 183 (93 per cent) out of 183 employees from one ethnic group.

According to Anne Gathungu, the County Assembly of Makueni had nine vacant positions at the entry-level during the year under review. However, all the posts were filled by candidates from the dominant ethnic community.

“This was contrary to Section 65 (1)(e) of the County Government Act 2012, which states that in selecting candidates for appointment, the County Public Service Board shall consider the need to ensure that at least 30 per cent of the vacant positions at entry level are filled by candidates who are not from the dominant ethnic community in the county,” said Gathungu.

In Nyeri County, 57 staff members (92 per cent) out of 62, 80 (95 per cent) out of 84 employees in Kirinyaga, and 88 (91 per cent) out of 97 County employees in Murang’a County Assemblies were found to be from one dominant ethnic group.

According to the report, only Nairobi, Tana River, Marsabit, Nyandarua, Laikipia, and Kiambu met the recommended threshold of the NCIC Act 2008.

In Kiambu County Assembly, the statement and receipt of payments, as well as Note 4 of the financial statement, reflect compensation of employees’ expenditure amounting to Sh. 571,271,477.00.

A review of human resource records revealed that the Assembly had 99 employees, out of which 83—representing 84 per cent—were from the majority ethnic group.

Furthermore, three employees recruited during the year belonged to the same dominant ethnic community.

All 204 out of 205 newly recruited employees at the Turkana County Assembly were from one ethnic community.

“This did not consider the diversity of the people of Kenya,” said Gathungu.

“Furthermore, it was noted that the appointment did not include any staff from PLWD or any other person who, for any reason, has been disadvantaged, as required by Section 13 of the PWD Act 2003, which states that the Council shall endeavour to secure the reservation of 5 per cent of all casual, emergency, and contractual positions in employment in the public and private sectors for persons with disabilities,” noted the AG.

In West Pokot, it was revealed that out of 87 ward staff members, 94 per cent, 32 senior management staff, 81 per cent, 59 middle management staff (94 per cent), and 79 support staff (95 per cent) were from the dominant ethnic community.

Samburu had 77 (84 per cent) out of 91 staff, while 91 (55 per cent) out of 165 in Trans Nzoia and 122 (92 per cent) out of 132 members of the staff in Uasin Gishu were found to be from one ethnic tribe.

Elgeyo Marakwet had 243 permanent employees, of whom 99 per cent (240) were found to be drawn from one ethnic community.

The Assembly had also recruited 134 employees in the previous year, all from the dominant community.

In Nandi County, 103 (94 per cent) out of 126 staff, while 93 (95 per cent) out of 98 employees in Kericho, were from one ethnic group.

“Furthermore, eight new employees in Kericho were recruited in the year under review, all from one ethnic group,” reads the report.

In Baringo County Assembly, 103 (82 per cent) out of 126 employees were from one ethnic tribe.

The total number of staff (126) exceeded the approved staff establishment ceiling of 100 employees by 26 staff members.

“The overstaffing not only contravenes regulatory requirements but also indicates a lack of adherence to proper personnel management set by the Commissioner of Revenue Allocation.”

Nakuru had 67 (53 per cent) out of 126, while out of 11 key management positions, nine staff members were from one dominant tribe.

During the year under review, the Assembly recruited six employees for the positions of waiters, clerical officers, supply chain management, and chefs; however, five of them were from one dominant ethnic community.

The report further revealed that the Narok Assembly had 49 Members of the County Assembly, comprising 30 elected and 19 nominated ones, against the set limit of 47 MCAs.

Lake Basin Development Authority Invests in Fodder Production to Boost Livestock Farming in Western Kenya

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By Anderson Ojwang

The increasing demand for fodder in Western Kenya, following the adoption of dairy farming by most farmers in the region, has led to a shortage of animal feed.

Additionally, the emerging challenges of climate change globally have prompted investment in fodder production to address potential shortages caused by the climatic changes currently being experienced.

To that end, the Lake Basin Development Authority (LBDA) is investing in the livestock sector through the production of hay to meet the growing demand for fodder.

LBDA Managing Director Wycliffe Ochiaga said that in Migori County, the Authority has cultivated over 200 acres of land for hay production to meet the demand for livestock feed in the region.

“We hope that from the over 200 acres of land under hay cultivation, we will be able to produce over 4,200 bales of fodder, which will go a long way in improving livestock production,“ he said.

He added that by supporting the livestock sector, LBDA will help create employment opportunities, improve farmers’ incomes, and drive economic growth through a bottom-up approach.

In Alupe, Busia County, the Authority is targeting 1,000 acres, with each acre expected to yield 200 bales, potentially translating to 200,000 bales.

“The livestock sector plays a vital role in Kenya’s economy, providing food, jobs, and raw materials for agro-industries. In alignment with the Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda, the Authority is enhancing the livestock value chain by investing in fodder production to support sustainable livestock farming,“ he said.

Recently, development partners, county governments, and various groups have promoted dairy farming activities in the Nyanza region—a non-traditional dairy area—as a strategy to increase production, improve access to milk, and boost incomes for rural small-scale farming families.

The region has historically relied on tethering and has made minimal investments in commercial fodder growing, despite its high returns.

President Ruto Directs CS Lands and Treasury to Provide Land to Odera Akango University

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By Anderson Ojwang

The dreams and donations of Kenya’s acclaimed authors for a public university in the heart of the village of the academicians are finally on course to fruition.

After decades of unfulfilled promises by the government to contribute land to Odera Akango University in Gem Sub-County, President Dr William Ruto has finally committed to the agreement.

In their dreams, the family of the late Prof Bethwell Ogot and the late Mama Grace Ogot, both acclaimed and respected authors, donated land where the university currently stands.

In the memorandum of understanding (MoU), the government was also required to contribute and donate parcels of land for the institution. However, this has dragged on for over 18 years, denying the donors an opportunity to witness their dream materialise.

Recently, when academicians, leaders, and locals gathered in Gem for the send-off of Prof Ogot, the family warned that the university risked being reverted to a private institution should the government fail to meet its obligations.

Now, faced with this emerging reality, the government has moved to forestall the change by fulfilling its mandate.

President Ruto, through the Chief of Staff and Head of Public Service, Mr Felix Koskei, wrote to the Cabinet Secretary for Lands, Public Works, Housing, and Urban Development, Alice Wahome, and the Cabinet Secretary for National Treasury and Economic Planning, Mr John Mbadi, in a letter captioned ‘Presidential Directive: Allocation of 50 Acres to Odera Akango University, Siaya County’.

The circular, dated 7th October 2024, read in part:

*“While addressing members of the public at Mutumbu in Siaya County during the thanksgiving service of Gem MP Elisha Odhiambo on 6th October 2023, His Excellency the President directed the Ministry of Lands, Public Works, Housing, and Urban Development to allocate 50 acres of land in Siaya to Odera Akango University for expansion.

This is to bring this directive to your attention and request that you take the necessary steps to effect implementation.”*

David Ogot, speaking at the burial of his father, said:

*”The donation of this land was on condition that the government would add additional land because, for a university to be established, there is a minimum parcel of land required.

In that agreement—and that is what I want to remind you all—there was a clause stating that if this does not happen, the land we are standing on and all the buildings therein will revert to the Ogot family.

Mama passed away in tears, never witnessing it happen. Mzee used to tell me every time that Mama died without seeing the government fulfil its part of the agreement. Will I also die without witnessing the promise fulfilled? Now he has gone.

There are many private universities in Kenya. We are not going to go through the same route, talking about the same issue repeatedly.

President Uhuru Kenyatta told my parents, ‘People steal from the government. You are the first people I have seen donate to the government.’

I heard Maseno University management saying that perhaps my parents did not consult us when they were donating the land. This is an inheritance. But my parents decided—being the kind of people they were—that it should be for the good of our people and the community.

A private university means private. Our parents donated for the public good. But if you do not want to meet your part of the agreement, kindly return the land. However, the clause is clear—it reverts to the Ogot family. I rest my case.“*

The university was launched in 2008 as a satellite campus of Moi University. The campus did not receive government-sponsored students from Moi University after 2016, as had been the norm, although it admitted privately sponsored students before shutting down in 2020. Maseno University took over the management on 20th April 2021.

Before its closure, the college campus had received warnings from the Commission for University Education (CUE) that it risked closure if it could not secure 50 hectares of land for expansion and improve physical structures to meet university standards. An inspection was carried out in 2016.

The CUE had given the campus two years to ensure all requirements were met by February 2018, when another inspection would be conducted for a final decision.

In a bid to prevent closure, the college campus acquired 90 hectares of land in Nyamninia, near Yala Town. The county government committed Sh41 million two years ago to help refurbish campus structures, with the institution expected to provide tuition scholarships to county staff in return.

However, Moi University administration pulled out, letting go of all the workers who had remained at the campus despite the absence of students.

Maseno University Vice-Chancellor Prof Julius Nyabundi said during the takeover that the university council had initially been sceptical but later found justification for the move.

“We have made plans to see how we can use this campus. We now want to take a leading role in ensuring that Yala Town and the county’s economy are rejuvenated. We ask the county government to continue supporting the institution,” said Prof Nyabundi.

He stated that they had serious plans for the college and would put it to good use.

Then Moi University Vice-Chancellor Isaac Kosgey said they had established Odera Akango Campus to ensure the aspirations of the Ogot family, who donated the land, were achieved.

How over 18,000 County staff earned less than one-third of their basic salaries

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By Habil Onyango

Over 18,000 County employees in 25 Counties across the country, in the 2023-2024 Financial Year, received less than one-third of their basic salaries.

The excessive deductions were attributed to the over-commitment of salaries by the employees on various loans they had incurred and the introduction of various levies by the National Government.

However, Section 19(3) of the Employment Act 2007 requires that an employee’s salary should not be deducted beyond two-thirds of the basic salary.

According to the 2023/2024 Financial Year Auditor General’s report, a total of 18,180 County employees received a pay cut of more than two-thirds of their total monthly payments.

In Homa Bay, which recorded the highest number, a total of 3,971 County staff received less than one-third of their basic salaries between July 2023 and June 2024.

According to the report, 847 County staff were affected in the month of July 2023, 625 in December 2023, 831 in March 2024, and another 847 in the month of June 2024.

“Analysis of the payroll of permanent staff revealed that 831 Homa Bay County staff received less than one-third of their basic salaries in July 2023,” reads the report.

“Another 625 (December 2023), 831 (March 2024), and 831 employees were affected in the month of June 2024,” reads Nancy Gathungu’s report.

Nandi County recorded 3,719, while Nakuru County recorded 1,180 employees facing excessive salary deductions.

In Mombasa, 237 employees were affected during the year under review, while 68 in Kilifi also experienced the same effect on their basic salaries.

According to the report, 331 County staff of Tana River faced an excessive pay cut, which is a violation of the one-third rule of basic salary.

“Examination of the Integrated Payroll and Personnel Database revealed that 331 employees of the County Government of Tana River had their salaries deducted in excess of two-thirds of their basic salaries, in breach of Section 19(3) of the Employment Act 2007, which prohibits such excessive deductions,” reads the AG’s report.

Garissa recorded 166 cases, while Wajir, Meru, and Tharaka Nithi Counties had 158, 1,707, and 50 employees facing excessive deductions.

Embu County had 1,366 employees’ salaries being excessively deducted, while Kitui County recorded 1,909 staff who were affected during the Financial Year under review.

“In addition, Section C(13) of the Public Service Commission 2016 stipulates that Public Officers shall not over-commit their salaries beyond two-thirds of their basic salaries,” reads the report.

In Machakos, 20 employees faced the deductions. However, according to the report, the management explained that it was due to the introduction of the housing levy and new National Health Insurance Fund tax rates.

Gathungu, however, noted that this was contrary to Section C.1(3) of the Human Resource Policies and Procedures Manual for the Public Service, 2016, which states that Public Officers shall not over-commit two-thirds of their basic salaries and that Heads of Human Resource Units should ensure compliance.

“This was contrary to Section 19(3), which stipulates that any deduction made by an employer from the wages or salaries of an employee at any one time shall not exceed two-thirds of such wages or salaries,” reads the report in part.

In Makueni, 187 staff were affected, while another 214 employees from Nyeri County also faced the axe.

“The excessive deductions resulted from management allowing the staff to incur loans and other liabilities whose repayment reductions put the officers at the risk of pecuniary embarrassment,” noted the Auditor General.

“Further, it was noted that some staff members in Makueni had total deductions that were more than their gross pay, thus having a negative net pay contrary to Section 19(3) of the Employment Act 2007 and Section C.1(3) of the Public Service Commission, Human Resource Policy,” reads the report.

Other Counties include Kirinyaga (249 members of staff), Murang’a (571), Kiambu (1,575), Turkana (830), Baringo (79), while in Narok, 224 employees were affected.

In Nakuru County, a total of 1,180 employees were affected, where it was observed that 15 officers continuously had deductions in their salaries in excess of two-thirds of their basic salaries for the entire financial period.

Kericho County recorded 257, Bomet (236), Kakamega (1,055), Bungoma (886), Busia (1,032), while Siaya had 245 employees affected.

In Kisumu County, 449 members of staff faced the deductions, which, according to the report, by June 2024, the net salaries for the affected officers totalling Sh3,831,569 were less than one-third of their respective basic pay.

Migori County had 463 members of staff facing the deductions, Nyamira (48), while 28 others from Kisii County were also affected.

Furthermore, it was noted that 904 employees at Kisii County Government earned a monthly pay of less than Sh14,025.00, which was the minimum monthly wage set in the Regulations of Wages (General Amendment) Order of May 2022 for employees in the County Government of Kisii.

Tackling Crime in Kisumu County: From the Alcohol Menace to Serious Crime – Our Role in Creating Change

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Dr.Edris N.Omondi (Advocate)

attorneyedris@ywcg.org

Kisumu County, like many urban areas across Kenya, has witnessed significant changes in its socio-economic landscape over the years. While the region has seen growth and development, it has also grappled with rising crime rates, which have become a growing concern for residents, businesses, and the County Government. The issues are multifaceted, ranging from the alcohol menace to more serious criminal activities, and they require a collective effort from all stakeholders to address.

Testimonial-There is work to be done!

Felix Oduor, a former substance abuser from Obunga, one of Kisumu’s informal settlements, is living proof of the transformative power of rehabilitation. A few years ago, Felix was trapped in the grip of alcohol and drug addiction, like most of his peers in his community. His life seemed to be on a downward spiral, deeply influenced by the prevalence of substance abuse. However, after undergoing a rigorous rehabilitation program with the Centre for Prison Reforms and Crime Prevention International and its partners, Felix turned his life around. He now works as an advocate, helping young people steer clear of the dangers of Alcoholic addiction and substance abuse and providing support to those currently struggling with addiction.

Felix’s story is not just about overcoming personal demons; it reflects the larger battle against crime, substance abuse, and mental health challenges faced by many young people not only in Kisumu but also in Kenya. His dedication to working with the Centre for Prisons Reforms and Crime Prevention International as a substance abuse prevention ambassador highlights the vital role that local organizations play in addressing these issues, particularly in marginalized areas like Obunga, Manyatta, Nyalenda, and Kondele within Kisumu County.

The Alcohol Menace: A Gateway to Crime

One of the key contributors to the rising crime in Kisumu is the rampant abuse of alcohol, particularly among the youth. The county has seen a proliferation of illicit brews and cheap alcohol, easily accessible, especially in informal settlements. This widespread alcohol abuse has not only affected individuals’ health and well-being but has also been linked to an increase in abuses, violent crimes, assault, robbery, and domestic violence.

Cheap liquor and substance abuse has often been identified as a gateway to other criminal behaviours. Under the influence, individuals may engage in reckless actions, from theft to physical altercations, jeopardizing the safety of the community. These acts are often fueled by addiction, financial strain, and the lack of adequate rehabilitation programs for those struggling with substance abuse.

Mental health and stress play a significant role in exacerbating substance and drug abuse. Many individuals turn to alcohol and drugs as a means of coping with mental health challenges, stress, and the pressure of living in marginalized conditions. The stigma surrounding mental health issues further complicates the problem, preventing individuals from seeking help and contributing to a cycle of substance abuse and crime.

Tax Break to all religious bodies with rehabilitation programs:

The role of local churches and other religious setups is most relevant in creating a substance abuse-free society. While in India, I visited a pastor friend of mine in Chinthamani, Karnataka State, India. To my utter surprise, the church was not only a spiritual destination but a correctional haven for alcoholics and substance abusers through a spiritual approach. That to me was commendable. With such value addition to society, the government can offer tax breaks to all religious bodies that mainstream rehabilitation centres and programs within their set-ups. This is but one of the many ways that we can promote rehabilitative strategies and services – a religious-based approach, to complement our traditional rehabilitation outlets. For instance, the difficulty in setting up rehabilitation programs is normally associated with finances. Churches receive offerings and alms from the very members who can benefit in such rehabilitative services.

Serious Crime in Kisumu: A Growing Threat

While alcohol abuse remains a prominent issue, Kisumu County has also seen a troubling rise in more serious crimes. These include violent crimes such as robbery with violence, carjacking, and burglary, alongside the spread of organized criminal gangs. These gangs often target both residents and businesses, using intimidation, extortion, and sometimes even deadly force.

Another worrying trend is the increase in drug trafficking and related criminal activities, particularly among youth. Kisumu’s proximity to major trade routes has made it a hotspot for the trade of illegal substances. These illicit activities not only fuel crime but also contribute to the breakdown of families and communities.

Additionally, the prevalence of crime in Kisumu’s informal settlements such as Obunga, Manyatta, Nyalenda, and Kondele has been a major concern. Afridata, a data research company in Kisumu, is currently conducting studies on crime rates and patterns within these slums. Their ongoing research aims to uncover the underlying factors contributing to crime in these areas, which often include poverty, unemployment, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to education. Understanding the precise factors at play is key to crafting effective policies and interventions that can address crime at the root level.

The Role of the Community and Local Authorities

Addressing crime in Kisumu requires a holistic approach that involves cooperation between the community, law enforcement, and the county government. As residents, we each have a role to play in creating safer neighborhoods.

Community Engagement: The community can play an active role by reporting crimes and suspicious activities to the authorities. Establishing neighborhood watch groups can help deter criminal activity and provide support for victims. Public forums and youth engagement programs are essential in educating residents about the dangers of alcohol and drug abuse, as well as the long-term consequences of engaging in criminal activities.

Collaboration with Law Enforcement: The police force in Kisumu must work closely with the community to enhance trust and improve crime reporting. Regular patrols and community policing programs will ensure that residents feel safe and supported. Community-driven policing initiatives can also foster better communication between the police and the public, allowing for quicker response times and the identification of potential threats.

Government Action: The county government must prioritize the fight against the alcohol menace by strengthening regulations on alcohol licensing, closing down illicit brew operations, and promoting awareness campaigns on the dangers of excessive drinking. In addition, investment in rehabilitation centers and mental health services will be critical in addressing addiction problems. For serious crimes, a stronger focus on intelligence-led policing and crime prevention strategies will help dismantle organized criminal gangs.

The Crucial Role of Mental Health

Mental health issues are often a hidden driver behind substance abuse and criminal behavior. The stigma around mental illness in Kenya has left many people without the support they need, which exacerbates their struggles. With stress, poverty, and lack of employment opportunities affecting many individuals in Kisumu, it’s no surprise that mental health problems are contributing to the increase in alcohol and drug abuse.

Community-based mental health initiatives, supported by organizations such as the Centre for Prisons Reform and Crime Prevention International, are essential to tackling these issues. By offering counselling, support groups, and therapy, these programs can reduce the impact of mental health challenges on crime rates and substance abuse.

A Shared Responsibility

Ultimately, the responsibility for reducing crime in Kisumu lies with all of us. While government and law enforcement agencies have their part to play, individuals and communities must take ownership of their safety. By fostering a culture of responsibility, compassion, and active participation, Kisumu can take steps toward reducing crime and building safer neighbourhoods.

It’s time to act—together we can curb the alcohol menace, reduce serious crime, and make Kisumu a model for other counties in Kenya. Let’s not wait for crime to escalate before we take action. Our involvement can make a difference.

Conclusion

Kisumu’s fight against crime is complex, involving a combination of social, economic, and health-related factors. From the alcohol menace to serious crimes fueled by mental health challenges, substance abuse, and poverty, there are no easy solutions. However, through collaboration between local authorities, community organizations like the Centre for Prisons Reform and Crime Prevention International, and data-driven research such as that conducted by Afridata, Kisumu can create a more comprehensive strategy to reduce crime. By addressing the root causes of crime, supporting rehabilitation, and prioritizing mental health, the county can make great strides toward safer, more prosperous communities for all its residents.

Owen challenges Orengo over youths who supported him during his political struggles By Team

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By Team

In a rare show of courage, Kisumu County Assembly Clerk, Mr Owen Ojuok, challenged Siaya Governor James Orengo to consider supporting and extending a helping hand to the youths who stood by him during his political struggles.

Owen, who is also an advocate, took the bull by the horns to confront Orengo over the matter, which is a common topic in most parts of the Nyanza region but is often discussed behind the Governor’s back.

Owen, who spoke at a funeral in Siaya in the presence of Orengo, told him that the majority of the youths who supported his political ideology and were incarcerated because of him have been left to wallow in poverty despite their struggle for change.

**“Governor Jim, you remember very well how Audi Ogada and others supported you in Thika during the Ford-K elections. You remember how these youths fought and risked their lives for you.

You can see Audi Ogada and others seated at the far-right end. Governor, they claim you forgot about them when you were a minister and now as the Governor of Siaya.

Kindly, find a place in your heart and reconnect with this team. They were very valuable in your struggle,”** he said.

Owen reminded Orengo how several youths were arrested and detained during the Mageuzi movement, which he spearheaded, and that the majority of them have never been employed despite the change in political fortunes.

Audi was one of the late Jaramogi Oginga Odinga’s security team and chose to stand with Orengo against Raila Odinga during the fight over the leadership of Ford-K.

Audi has remained in Ford-K even after Raila and Orengo defected to other parties and eventually converged at the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM).

Audi said he is a change and human rights crusader and is not bitter with Orengo for failing to recognise his contribution to his political struggle.

“I have not had an opportunity to speak with Orengo about the past. I gave myself to the struggle, and I remain committed to championing human rights. It is incumbent upon him to choose what is best for him. We did our part, and the rest we leave to God,” he said.

Orengo acknowledged the contributions of his team and shared the experiences they endured during the struggle.

“The youths played an important role in the struggle. Whenever they were arrested, I would offer free legal services. It was a selfless battle, and they played a significant role in the fight,” he said.

KWS launches the National Single Species Action Plan for the Grey Crowned Crane

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By Sandra Blessing

The Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) has launched the National Single Species Action Plan for the Grey Crowned Crane (2024–2035).

The strategic roadmap aims to protect the endangered bird, alongside the recognition of students who excelled in the #WorldWildlifeDay2025 essay competition, showcasing youth engagement in conservation advocacy.

The strategic plan was launched at Kiborgoch Wildlife Wetlands and Community Conservancy in Marigat, Baringo County, where leaders, conservationists, and local communities gathered to commemorate the 2025 World Wildlife Day under the theme “Wildlife Conservation Finance: Investing in People and Planet.”

The celebrations coincided with the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), a critical global agreement to regulate wildlife trade and prevent species extinction.

Present were the Cabinet Secretary for Tourism and Wildlife, Rebecca Miano, the Principal Secretary for the State Department for Wildlife, Silvia Museiya, Baringo Governor Benjamin Chesire Cheboi, KWS Director General Prof. Erustus Kanga, among others.

The event highlighted Kenya’s dedication to safeguarding its wildlife heritage while advancing sustainable development.

Miano reaffirmed Kenya’s commitment to treating wildlife as a “national treasure,” emphasising its vital role in driving economic growth through tourism, agriculture, and ecosystem services.

She said conservation aligns with Kenya’s Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda (BETA) and Vision 2030, ensuring that natural resources benefit present and future generations.

Cheboi said there was a need for community-led conservation efforts, advocating for stronger financing mechanisms, climate resilience strategies, and sustainable tourism models to uplift local livelihoods.

Prof. Kanga acknowledged the importance of grassroots initiatives such as the Ilchamus Community Conservation Group for their work in restoring degraded ecosystems, creating eco-tourism opportunities, and demonstrating how wildlife conservation can fuel economic progress.

He highlighted ongoing #WorldWildlifeDay2025 activities across Kenya’s conservancies, calling for national unity in protecting biodiversity.

Local leaders called for urgent action to address challenges such as delayed compensation for human-wildlife conflicts, inadequate tourism infrastructure, and climate change impacts threatening both communities and ecosystems.

Kenya’s wildlife remains a cornerstone of her cultural identity, ecological balance, and economic prosperity. By integrating conservation into national development frameworks such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Kenya continues to champion a future where people and wildlife thrive together.

As stakeholders reaffirmed their commitment, the celebrations underscored a collective resolve to invest in innovative financing, climate action, and community empowerment—ensuring a legacy of thriving biodiversity for generations to come.

Mudavadi Key reforms underway to strengthen the TVETs

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By OPCS Press Service.

The government is upgrading and modernizing Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions to enhance their capability and relevance in responding to manpower needs in the country.

Prime Cabinet Secretary Musalia Mudavadi has said TVETS must build skilled, adaptable and innovative workforce ready to meet the demands of the industries and job market.

He said the government is in the process of undertaking progressive reforms to realize the productivity of TVETS.

“As part of the reforms, the Cabinet approved the dual training policy, which formalizes integration of theoretical learning and hands-on training in industries,” he said.

“This historic decision is a game changer since it will ensure that trainees, who have been constrained by skills mismatch with the needs of our industries, can now graduate with cutting edge skills for entrepreneurship or local and international labour markets,” he added.

He said policies and programs are being rolled out to grow and develop the TVET sector, to produce skills that will support Kenya’s priority sectors and enhance its global competitiveness.

Mudavadi was speaking when he presided over the 1st graduation ceremony for Kaiboi National Polytechnic in Nandi.

He said the reforms focus on enhancing the quality of education and training, improving access to TVET programs, and ensuring that what is taught in these institutions directly addresses the needs of the labour market.

Mudavadi said the government has also set up a policy framework that will enable the TVET institutions to fully implement the robust Competency-Based Education and Training (CBET) curriculum that was rolled out in September 2023.

The training focuses on practical skills and outcomes that ensure TVET trainees are knowledgeable and highly skilled in the areas most needed by industries.

“The Government has further made substantial investments in upgrading of TVET institutions’ infrastructure, including providing modern equipment and learning tools. It has also enhanced investments in the training and development of TVET instructors, particularly in new technologies and methodologies.” said Mudavadi.

“We have recently recruited 2,000 trainers to bridge the trainer deficit in the TVET sector, while enhancement of the Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) framework has formalized the competencies of artisans who have gained skills through work experience or informal learning.” he added.

Mudavadi appreciated the significant strides made in reforming the TVET sector to ensure it is aligned with global trends, industry standards and the needs of the global growing workforce.

Mudavadi, also the cabinet secretary for Foreign and Diaspora Affairs, further reaffirmed the Government’s commitment to enhance the contribution of the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) sector to economic and social development.

The first graduation ceremony of Kaiboi National Polytechnic since it was upgraded from a technical training institute last year saw the first 1,614 graduands celebrate with various accomplishments in artisan, craft and diploma categories.

“We recognize you for your hard work, dedication and achievements. Your graduation marks the end of one chapter and the beginning of new, exciting opportunities ahead that will shape your future.” landed Mudavadi.

Mudavadi also challenged the management of the institution led by Principal Tony Abdi, to remain focused as they have a great opportunity to position the institution in Kenya’s socioeconomic transformation journey by developing mutually beneficial linkages with local communities and industries

ENDS

Auditor General-How Counties splash millions on legal services as privet law firms reap big.

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By Habil Onyango
 
It has now emerged that a number of private law firms have been minting millions of Shillings from the county governments for various legal services.

This happens despite the Counties having in place properly constituted County Attorney’s Offices which have the capability of handling some of the cases.

Some of the court cases which have led to legal battles between the County Executive and various entities include unprocedural termination of employment contracts, disputes of unpaid claims of goods, works or services completed by contractors, irregular procurement processes and poor contract management among others.

According to the Auditor General’s 2023/24 Financial Year report, a number of counties spend millions of Shillings in contracting external advocates to represent them in the court of law in some cases.

According to Nancy Gathungu Counties could not account for millions of Shillings used in the legal battles which some might have been avoided by honouring court rulings.

Some were caused by irregular legal service payments, unsupported provision of legal services unsupported legal fees, irregular engagement of consultants for legal services unsupported payments of legal expenses among others.

For instance in the year under review, analysis of legal fees for Nairobi County reveals that four advocates, out of the pending legal cases are owed a total of Sh.6,269,546,657.00 which is 29 per cent of the total pending legal fees of Sh.21,371,004,293.00 (11 per cent of the County executives’ pending bills).

In Nandi County, the Management allocated Sh.36,820,030.00 for the outsourcing of legal services.

“It was not clear why the service which could have been discharged by the Office of the County Attorney was outsourced,” reads the AG’s report.

Homa Bay paid Sh.11,001,075.00 as legal fees to various firms for representing the County Executive in various legal disputes or court cases during the year under review.

However, records obtained from the Homa Bay Law offices indicate that there were 350 Court cases against the County Executive where some were still ongoing and others still pending before the courts dating back to the year 2020.

Details of the court cases such as the subject matter, case files, periods taken to complete the cases, fee notes and financial complications that such cases may have on the Executive were not provided for audit.
Furthermore, all the 350 Court cases were being handled by external law firms even though the County executive has a County legal unit with relevant human resources.

“No satisfactory explanation was given for outsourcing of legal sources,” reads the report.
In Siaya County out of the Sh.34,662,766.00 allocation for legal fees, Sh. 26 million was paid to a firm of advocates for an out of court settlements.

However, the details of the case and how the amount was arrived at was not provided for an audit.
Further an amount of Sh. 4,060,000.00 was paid to an advocate in a civil case between the County Public Service Board and former employees.

In addition, the County Executive had pending bills relating to decretal fees totalling to Sh.33,177,621.

“In circumstances, the completeness, occurrences and accuracy of legal fees amounting to Sh.34,662,766.00 could not be confirmed,” concluded the AG.

Kisumu County Executive paid Sh.46,078,251.00 to legal firms representing the executives in various legal cases and providing legal consultancy under the year of review.

However, a number of Anomalies which included expenditure amounting to Sh.22,496,355.00 not supported with documents such as a list of pending legal cases, outstanding legal fees and fees paid up to date per cases, contract agreement, procurement records, stage of proceedings or each case, breakdown of legal fees in feed notes and evidence of court attendance were noted.

Rate per advocate remuneration toll, statement or ledgers of advocates’ accounts and case files showing the value of each case was not provided.

According to the report, the Management paid Sh. 3 million to a legal firm as part of decretal fees, however certified decree and the current status of the legal cases were not provided for audit despite lack of approval by the Executive to engage legal consultants.

The same legal firm was paid Sh.5,570,979.00 for a court decree in a matter of citing the Executive Member and Chief Officer for Finance in contempt in disobeying a court order.

“No justification or explanation was provided for failure to abide by the court orders which resulted to the wasteful expenditure,” reads the report.

The report further reveals that Kisumu County Management made a payment of Sh14.2million to a legal firm for an outstanding decretal debt however, details and current status of the debt and acknowledgement for payment were not provided for the audit.

The management further made a payment of Sh3 million to a law firm for representing the Executive in claim of contempt of court order for payment of Sh.377,873,193.00.

“The interim fee note dated December 12,2022 amounted to Sh6,793,496.00 however details for payment of Sh.377,873,193 were not provided for audit.”

“Furthermore the amount of Sh345millionpaid was wasteful expenditure as it was avoidable,” reads the report

In Migori County, a total of Sh.50,326,213.00 was utilized for payment of legal services.

However, the fee notes provided for audit did not indicate the nature of work done for the amount claimed.

“In the circumstances, the accuracy and completeness of legal services amounting to Sh.50,326,213.00 could not be confirmed.

The Kilifi County Government paid Sh.71,571,803.00 to six legal practitioners who represented the Executive in various legal cases by providing legal consultancy services and also as a payment to a firm that sued the County for a breach of contract.

The County Government of Tana River paid Sh.30,703,120.00 to four legal firms which represented the Executive in various legal cases.

The expenditure, however, was not supported by the approvals of the Executive Committee and recommendations from the County Attorney.

Mombasa County Government used Sh.67,525,793.00 for payment of legal fees for various cases against the Executive where it was revealed the County’s liability continued to increase due to failure to honour the court rulings.

The Nakuru County Executive made payments of Sh.22,643,700.00in respect of legal fees for six law firms
However, the documents such as how the law firms were identified, signed services level agreements, certificates of appointments, evidence of court attendance, fee notes and monthly payment reports from each law firm in respect to each case were not provided for audit.

“Despite the County Executive recruiting its own County Attorney the privet law firms were engaged to represent the Executive in court cases without the approval of the County Executive Committee contrary to section 16 (1) of the office of the County Attorney 2020,” revealed Gathungu.

Busia County Offices of the County Attorney was found to have engaged services of privet law firms during the year under review at a cost of Sh.8,546,000.00, while the office of the Attorney of Busia also engaged law firms through direct tendering to handle 24 cases.

Narok County could not account for unsupported fees of Sh.27,614,165.00 it paid Sh364,996,746.00 I’m resected to legal fees.

According to the report the expenditure exceeded the budgeted amount of Sh.337,382,165.00 resulting to the difference.

Interestingly, in Kisii, it was noted that the County Attorney irregularly earned Sh.3,384,632.00 between January 2024 to August 2024 after the Employment and Labour Relations Court in Kisumu quashed his appointment.

This is after a private citizen proceeded to the court to contest his employment where he filed a petition

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