Dr. Edris N.Omondi (Advocate)
This day, just like any other funerals I have attended, I find myself surrounded by kinsmen from Kobita my rural home, preparing to bury my aunty, who was married in the distant town of Uriri, South Nyanza.
Aunty Grace, who breathed her last at the age of 83, had a life full of rich connections and friendships. Now, we must uphold the Luo tradition and ensure that she is buried in a manner that respects our cultural expectations and befits her age.
According to tradition, certain guests are expected to attend the burial: ‘Oche’-the sons-in-law; ‘Nyiwende’-the mothers of the married couples; and ‘Sange’– men married from this specific homes.
Oche normally receive esteemed honored, as it symbolizes the families that married into her home.
Aunty Grace had twelve children, the youngest 43, and off-course the children are expected to shoulder the financial burden of the funeral.
The expense is considerable, especially as these key guests must be fed well during the funeral rites and each child expecting their guests to be well pampered.
Emerging in recent years, however, is the presence of the political class and their entourage, who are invited to attend the burial as a form of solidarity and respect, adding another layer of financial strain to the bereaved family.
This trend adds complexity to the already challenging financial implications of funerals in Luo Nyanza.
In Luo culture, the saying “Luo kitgi gi timbegi”, which means “The Luo have their own ways,” reflects the deep attachment to cultural traditions, even when they are financially demanding.
When it came to my auntie’s burial, every detail had to be meticulously observed, from the preparation of the body to the feeding of guests, all according to the precise customs that have been passed down through generations.
In conducting my research into the impact of Luo funerals among the Luo across Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and also among the Ibo of Nigeria, I found that while the specific practices may vary, they shared principles of respect for the deceased and the family unite these cultures.
One of the most pressing issues faced by these communities, however, is balancing the cultural importance of funeral rites with the growing financial burden they place on the living.
It is a topic that demands attention, especially as the cost of funerals continues to rise.
Funeral Costs in Luo Nyanza
In Luo Nyanza, funeral expenses are a significant financial strain on families, primarily due to the elaborate rites and communal participation expected.
Indeed, this is a multi-billion-shilling industry, an economy marching the county government annual expenditure, with state of the art funeral parlous across Luo nation-resting homes for the dead, finding their place.
The estimates suggest that 100 Luo’s die every day from the 4 Luo counties of Kisumu, Siaya, Homa Bay, and Migori, giving an average of 25 deaths per county per day, with approximately 36000 deaths in a year, giving an estimated expenditure and spending of approximately KSh 20 billion annually on funerals, with the cost of a typical funeral ranging from KSh 50,000 to KSh 500,000, depending on the family’s financial status and the scale of the ceremony at a bare minimum.
This means that every year, families across the region are collectively contributing to a massive financial outlay, which places immense pressure on the living, especially those already struggling with other financial responsibilities, left with hospital bills, school fees and other intricate day to day expenses that would have been realized had the bereaved been consulted.
A Comparative Look at Burial Customs among the Ibo’s and the Acholi of Uganda.
The Luo burial customs, though unique in their specifics, share commonalities with other African cultures.
For instance, the Ibo of Nigeria also engage in elaborate burial rituals, with burials prolonged sometimes up to six months-serving as social statements and reflecting the deceased’s status and the family’s wealth during the prolonged mourning period.
While these traditions carry deep cultural significance, they often leave families in financial ruin, as they are expected to host extravagant ceremonies that can cost more than the family can afford.
This tension between cultural expectations and financial realities is not unique to the Kenyan Luos with them taking a minimum of two weeks in mourning before the burial rites are completed.
Among the Acholi Luo’s of Uganda, however, there has been a shift toward a more financially sustainable approach to funerals among the enlightened members of those communities.
The introduction of the Last Respect Burial Insurance has provided a model that could potentially be adopted by the Luo community in Kenya.
This insurance allows individuals to pay small, affordable premiums over time, ensuring that funeral costs are covered without placing undue financial strain on the family.
By striking a balance between cultural traditions and the need to avoid debt, this system has proven to be effective in providing dignified, culturally respectful burials without unnecessary extravagance.
Helping the Poor of the Poor: A Critical Challenge in Luo Nyanza
One of the most pressing issues within the Luo community is how to help the poorest families who cannot afford even the most modest of funerals.
Politicians will hardly attend these funerals or who is who in the society.
A class thing.
The burden of organizing a funeral often leads to long-lasting financial difficulties for the bereaved, especially when they are left with school fees and other debts to pay.
Traditional methods of community support, such as collective contributions from extended families, are becoming less reliable due to increasing urbanization and migration.
However, there is potential to revive these practices on a local level, a funeral merry-go-round solution or even better an insurance schemes which could provide sustainable options for families in need.
Funeral contribution initiatives, where community members contribute to a shared fund, could be a solution that supports the poor while still honoring traditional practices.
These funds could provide low-cost or even free burials for families facing financial hardship, ensuring that no one is left behind due to their inability to pay for a culturally appropriate funeral.
I doubt whether politicians can take a frontline on this-professional chapters from those communities can take over humanitarian actions to abridge the need in the societies.
Balancing Tradition and Modernity: A Path Forward
As African cultures evolve, it is crucial to find a balance between respecting traditional burial rites and addressing the financial realities of modern life.
The success of the Acholi’s Last Respect Burial Insurance shows that it is possible to have a culturally meaningful funeral without plunging families into debt.
The Luo community could benefit from adopting similar models or developing their own systems to support families in need.
The goal is to ensure that both the deceased and the living are treated with dignity, while reducing the financial burden placed on the bereaved.
Conclusion
The burial customs of the Luo community, while rich in cultural significance, carry heavy financial and emotional costs.
In the face of modern economic realities, there is a growing recognition that funeral traditions must evolve to prevent the living from being burdened by unsustainable expenses.
By embracing innovative solutions like burial insurance, community fundraising, and professional funeral caucus support programs, the Luo and other African communities can find ways to honor their dead while ensuring the well-being of the living.
It is only through such balanced approaches that the sacred duty of laying the dead to rest can remain both culturally meaningful and financially sustainable for future generations.
